Functions
Cause and Effect🗣️ Cause and Effect
Cause (Reason)
- "Because..."
- "Since..."
- "As..."
- "Due to..."
- "Owing to..."
Effect (Result)
- "Therefore..."
- "So..."
- "As a result..."
- "Consequently..."
- "Thus..."
Cause and Effect together
- "... leads to ..."
- "... results in ..."
- "... causes ..."
- "... produces ..."
Purpose
- "In order to..."
- "To..."
- "So that..."
📌 Examples
Cause: "Because of technology, our lives have changed."
Effect: "Technology has advanced, therefore we communicate faster."
Combined: "Innovation leads to economic growth."
Complete the sentences
Science and Technology — Communicate with a purpose
Original practice material · explained answers · no official-exam attribution
A communicative goal
Use language to act in a situation: express an opinion, ask for clarification, suggest an action or weigh advantages and drawbacks. An effective answer fits the addressee and responds to what was said. A grammatical sentence can still be unsuitable if it ignores the situation.
Practise and explain your answer
01Use the model expression in a two-line dialogue about this unit.
02Ask your partner to clarify one idea politely.
03Give an opinion and support it with one reason.
MathMaroc · Unit 9 · Communication workshop
Explain a technical problem and its result
Your situation: In this imagined classroom, the projector does not work because its power cable is unplugged.
Explore each goal and model. These are original practice situations, not quotations or official examination questions.
State the causeOpen the model and explanation
The projector does not work because its cable is unplugged.
Why it fits: Because introduces the reason in a clause.
State the consequenceOpen the model and explanation
The cable is unplugged, so the projector does not work.
Why it fits: So connects the cause to its stated result.
Explain a purposeOpen the model and explanation
We check the cable in order to find the problem.
Why it fits: In order to gives the aim of the action, not its result.
All communication goals are displayed.
Read the short dialogue
- Speaker A: Why does the projector not work?
- Speaker B: Because its power cable is unplugged.
Reveal the explanation
B explains the cause given in the scenario. Checking the cable to find the problem would instead express a purpose.
Try with a partner: Keep the same communication goal, change one detail and take turns. Several answers may be suitable. There is no automatic assessment of this spoken practice.
MathMaroc · Guided practice
Choose a response that fits — Unit 9
Answer four questions, use a hint if needed, then read the explanation. The result concerns this activity; it is not an official examination grade or a measure of speaking ability.